[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f7WTEx86dhbdo2w9iAToQWsacNaCMcRc6WjpIepvTSPk":3,"$f5_j64j4lip-71m9lhLK8FcIiT4HhEolWgEP0L24F4Rk":56},{"author":4,"tags":51},{"author_id":5,"author_name":6,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"bio":9,"short_bio":10,"bio_jsonld":11,"slug":49,"image_url":50},82637,"Fazlur Rahman","F",23,"Fazlur Rahman Malik was a philosopher, theologian, Arabist, and university teacher born on September 21, 1919, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.\n\nHis education took him first to the University of the Punjab and then to the University of Oxford. He worked across three languages — Arabic, Urdu, and English — and pursued the occupations of writer and university teacher alongside his work as a philosopher, theologian, and Arabist. His citizenship passed through the successive political formations of the subcontinent: the British Raj, the Dominion of India, and India itself.\n\nThe breadth of his recorded occupations — philosophy, theology, Arabism, writing, and teaching — points to a career conducted across multiple disciplines and more than one linguistic register. That he held citizenship tied to the Indian subcontinent while ultimately dying in Chicago suggests a life that moved between different parts of the world, though the facts do not detail the circumstances of that movement.\n\nFazlur Rahman Malik died in Chicago on July 26, 1988. The combination of occupations attributed to him — philosopher, theologian, Arabist, writer, university teacher — and the three languages in which he worked, shaped by his formation at the University of the Punjab and the University of Oxford, defines the broad disciplinary identity he carried through his career.","Fazlur Rahman Malik was a philosopher, theologian, Arabist, and university teacher born on September 21, 1919, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.",{"@graph":12,"@context":48},[13,25],{"@id":14,"name":6,"@type":15,"sameAs":16,"birthDate":22,"deathDate":23,"description":24},"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2066255","Person",[14,17,18,19,20,21],"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazlur_Rahman_Malik","https://viaf.org/viaf/109550785/","https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80082560","https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL68297A","https://d-nb.info/gnd/121034143","1919-09-21","1988-07-26","Pakistani philosopher (1919–1988)",{"@type":26,"author":27,"headline":30,"isBasedOn":31,"mainEntity":32,"reviewedBy":33,"articleBody":9,"dateCreated":34,"dateModified":35,"additionalProperty":36,"creativeWorkStatus":47},"Article",{"name":28,"@type":29},"Editorial Team","Organization","Fazlur Rahman — biography",[14,17,19,20],{"@id":14},{"name":28,"@type":29},"2026-05-24T04:37:29.027964+00:00","2026-05-24T04:45:04.861905+00:00",[37,41,44],{"@type":38,"value":39,"propertyID":40},"PropertyValue","Q2066255","wikidata",{"@type":38,"value":42,"propertyID":43},"1.000","factscore",{"@type":38,"value":45,"propertyID":46},"claude-sonnet-4-6-r1","draftModel","AI-drafted, auto-published","https://schema.org","fazlur-rahman",null,[52],{"tag_id":53,"tag_name":54,"tag_count":55},3848,"islam",19,{"quotes":57,"pagination":154},[58,71,82,93,99,109,118,127,136,145],{"id":59,"quote_text":60,"author_id":5,"source_id":61,"has_image":62,"author":63,"source":64,"quote_tag":65,"commentary":50},2303915,"You will find everything ready on the morning of April 1 and I hope the guests will enjoy the new facilities at the venues.",4,false,{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[66],{"id":67,"tag":68},5286685,{"id":69,"tag_name":70},18332,"april",{"id":72,"quote_text":73,"author_id":5,"source_id":61,"has_image":62,"author":74,"source":75,"quote_tag":76,"commentary":50},2303900,"This is new tactic of carrying bombs. Previously they used plastic or metal boxes but because of deployment of police around the country, they have become more careful,",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[77],{"id":78,"tag":79},5286679,{"id":80,"tag_name":81},53640,"boxes",{"id":83,"quote_text":84,"author_id":5,"source_id":61,"has_image":62,"author":85,"source":86,"quote_tag":87,"commentary":50},2303877,"God is angry with me, but I cannot be angry with him. This is a test of my faith. I have nothing else.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[88],{"id":89,"tag":90},5286658,{"id":91,"tag_name":92},403,"angry",{"id":94,"quote_text":95,"author_id":5,"source_id":61,"has_image":62,"author":96,"source":97,"quote_tag":98,"commentary":50},2303863,"The provincial government of NWFP has not barred women from casting their votes in local government elections,",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[],{"id":100,"quote_text":101,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":103,"source":104,"quote_tag":105,"commentary":50},599630,"The corruption of religious leaders, who were expected to be the source of spiritual force and regeneration, is the last step in the of decay of a community.",2,{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[106],{"id":107,"tag":108},3162210,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"id":110,"quote_text":111,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":112,"source":113,"quote_tag":114,"commentary":50},599629,"The essence of all human rights is the equality of the entire human race, which the Qur’ān assumed, affirmed, and confirmed. It obliterated all distinctions among men except goodness and virtue (taqwā)",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[115],{"id":116,"tag":117},3162209,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"id":119,"quote_text":120,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":121,"source":122,"quote_tag":123,"commentary":50},599628,"Nor can one take an unfair attitude even towards enemies: \"Let the enmity of a people[towards you] not determine you upon an unjust course; be fair, it is closer to taqwā. Quran",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[124],{"id":125,"tag":126},3162208,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"id":128,"quote_text":129,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":130,"source":131,"quote_tag":132,"commentary":50},599627,"the Qur’ān appears to be interested in three types knowledge for man. One is the knowledge of nature which has been made subservient to man, i.e., the physical sciences. The second crucial type is the knowledge of history (and geography): the Qur’ān persistently asks man to \"travel on the earth\" and see for himself what happened to bygone civilizations and why they rose and fell. The third is the knowledge of man himself.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[133],{"id":134,"tag":135},3162207,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"id":137,"quote_text":138,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":139,"source":140,"quote_tag":141,"commentary":50},599626,"The Qur’ān does not appear to endorse the kind of doctrine of a radical mind-body dualism found in Greek philosophy, Christianity, or Hinduism; indeed, there is hardly a passage in the Qur'ān that says that man is composed of two separate, let alone disparate, substances, the body and the soul.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[142],{"id":143,"tag":144},3162206,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"id":146,"quote_text":147,"author_id":5,"source_id":102,"has_image":62,"author":148,"source":149,"quote_tag":150,"commentary":50},599611,"Empirical\" knowledge itself is of little benefit unless it awakens the inner perception of man as to his own situation, his potentialities, his risks, and his destiny",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":49,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":50},{},[151],{"id":152,"tag":153},3162164,{"id":53,"tag_name":54},{"currentPage":155,"totalPages":156,"totalItems":8,"itemsPerPage":157},1,3,10]