[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fqD6dFaRFphJw3HacnElb-F8xZP8KpKaKc0rqCCKUmQg":3,"$fAHELVXaH-3ewm9oKk6vsNkWLDVuPw8H4gu8R70oquBM":26},{"author":4,"tags":13},{"author_id":5,"author_name":6,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"bio":9,"short_bio":10,"slug":11,"image_url":12},14841,"Karl Popper","K",227,"In 1994, Karl Popper was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy, one of the last honours to reach him before his death that September in Kenley. It was a fitting recognition for a thinker who had spent decades working across philosophy, the philosophy of science, mathematics, and sociology, producing written work in both German and English that drew readers across academic disciplines and beyond.\n\nBorn in Vienna on 28 July 1902, Popper grew up as an Austrian citizen and pursued his education at the University of Vienna. His career took him across national borders, and he eventually held British citizenship alongside his Austrian background. He worked as a teacher and university teacher through much of his professional life, writing in both the languages he commanded with fluency. His notable works from this period include The Logic of Scientific Discovery and The Poverty of Historicism, titles that reflect his sustained engagement with questions about how knowledge is produced and how societies are organised. He also received an education at the University of Cambridge, adding another institution to the intellectual biography that stretched across two continents.\n\nThe Open Society and Its Enemies stands among his most discussed works, alongside The Self and Its Brain, which extended his thinking into questions about the relationship between mind and body. These four titles — The Logic of Scientific Discovery, The Poverty of Historicism, The Open Society and Its Enemies, and The Self and Its Brain — represent the range of a career that moved between the philosophy of science, political philosophy, and broader questions in philosophy more generally. As both a philosopher and a writer, Popper produced work in English and German, giving his ideas reach in the major intellectual traditions of Europe and the English-speaking world alike.\n\nPopper died on 17 September 1994, in Kenley, having lived to the age of ninety-two. The Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy, awarded to him that same year, acknowledged a working life that stretched from his education in Vienna through decades of teaching and writing. He had carried Austrian and British citizenship, written across two languages, and produced work in philosophy, mathematics, the philosophy of science, and sociology — a span that the Kyoto Prize committee found sufficient reason, in his final year, to single out for recognition.","In 1994, Karl Popper was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy, one of the last honours to reach him before his death that September in Kenley. It was a fitting recognition for a thinker who had spent decades working across philosophy, the philosophy of science, mathematics, and sociology, producing written work in both German and English that drew readers across academic disciplines and beyond.","karl-popper",null,[14,18,22],{"tag_id":15,"tag_name":16,"tag_count":17},352,"science",14,{"tag_id":19,"tag_name":20,"tag_count":21},326,"men",11,{"tag_id":23,"tag_name":24,"tag_count":25},56,"thinking",6,{"quotes":27,"pagination":90},[28,36,42,48,54,60,66,72,78,84],{"id":29,"quote_text":30,"author_id":5,"source_id":31,"has_image":32,"author":33,"source":34,"quote_tag":35,"commentary":12},3764335,"We must plan for freedom, and not only for security, if for no other reason than that only freedom can make security secure.",7,false,{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":37,"quote_text":38,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":39,"source":40,"quote_tag":41,"commentary":12},3185014,"The more we learn about the world, and the deeper our learning, the more conscious, specific, and articulate will be our knowledge of what we do not know, our knowledge of our ignorance.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":43,"quote_text":44,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":45,"source":46,"quote_tag":47,"commentary":12},3185009,"Philosophy is a necessary activity because we, all of us, take a great number of things for granted, and many of these assumptions are of a philosophical character; we act on them in private life, in politics, in our work, and in every other sphere of our lives – but while some of these assumptions are no doubt true, it is likely, that more are false and some are harmful. So the critical examination of our presuppositions – which is a philosophical activity – is morally as well as intellectually important.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":49,"quote_text":50,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":51,"source":52,"quote_tag":53,"commentary":12},3185003,"The fundamental thing about human languages is that they can and should be used to describe something; and this something is, somehow, the world. To be constantly and almost exclusively interested in the medium – in spectacle-cleaning – is a result of a philosophical mistake.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":55,"quote_text":56,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":57,"source":58,"quote_tag":59,"commentary":12},3184996,"The history of science, like the history of all human ideas, is a history of irresponsible dreams, of obstinacy, and of error.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":61,"quote_text":62,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":63,"source":64,"quote_tag":65,"commentary":12},3184992,"Every ‘good’ scientific theory is a prohibition: it forbids certain things to happen. The more a theory forbids, the better it is.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":67,"quote_text":68,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":69,"source":70,"quote_tag":71,"commentary":12},3184983,"Instead of the greatest happiness for the greatest number, one should demand, more modestly, the least amount of avoidable suffering for all; and further, that unavoidable suffering – such as hunger in times of an unavoidable shortage of food – should be distributed as equally as possible.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":73,"quote_text":74,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":75,"source":76,"quote_tag":77,"commentary":12},3184982,"Reason like science, grows by way of mutual criticism; the only possible way of planning its growth is to develop those institutions that safeguard. the freedom of thought.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":79,"quote_text":80,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":81,"source":82,"quote_tag":83,"commentary":12},3184977,"Criticism, I said, is an attempt to find the weak spots in a theory, and these, as a rule, can be found only in the more remote logical consequences which can be derived from it. It is here that purely logical reasoning plays an important part in science.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"id":85,"quote_text":86,"author_id":5,"source_id":25,"has_image":32,"author":87,"source":88,"quote_tag":89,"commentary":12},3184973,"The simple truth is that truth is hard to come by, and that once found may easily be lost again.",{"id":5,"author_name":6,"slug":11,"author_name_first_letter":7,"article_count":8,"image_url":12},{},[],{"currentPage":91,"totalPages":92,"totalItems":8,"itemsPerPage":93},1,23,10]