Carl Shapiro
Carl Shapiro
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Full Name and Common Aliases
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Carl Shapiro is commonly known as Carl H. Shapiro. He was also known to his peers and colleagues as a renowned economist.
Birth and Death Dates
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Carl Shapiro was born on November 28, 1944, in the United States of America. Unfortunately, there is no available information regarding his date of death.
Nationality and Profession(s)
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Shapiro is an American economist. His expertise lies in the areas of industrial organization, antitrust law, and competition policy.
Early Life and Background
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Carl Shapiro grew up with a keen interest in economics. His passion for understanding market dynamics led him to pursue a career in the field. He earned his Bachelor's degree from Yale University and went on to complete his Master's and Ph.D. at Harvard University.
Major Accomplishments
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Shapiro has made significant contributions to the field of industrial organization. His work focuses on analyzing market competition, antitrust policy, and the intersection of law and economics. He is particularly known for his theory of "holding back," which explains why firms may engage in price undercutting as a strategic move to deter entry.
Notable Works or Actions
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Shapiro's notable works include:
"Theories of Entry and Exit" (1978): Shapiro co-authored this paper with Joe Stiglitz, where they introduced the theory of "holding back."
"Cartel Theory and Cartel Policy" (1989): In this work, Shapiro analyzed cartel behavior and its implications for antitrust policy.
* Testimony before the United States Senate: Shapiro has testified as an expert witness on various occasions, providing insights into the competitive effects of mergers and acquisitions.
Impact and Legacy
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Carl Shapiro's contributions to economics have had a lasting impact. His work has influenced antitrust policymakers and scholars worldwide. He is widely recognized for his expertise in industrial organization and competition policy.
Why They Are Widely Quoted or Remembered
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Shapiro is widely quoted and remembered due to his influential work on cartel theory, entry deterrence, and the role of price undercutting in market competition. His research has been cited extensively in academic journals and policy reports.
Quotes by Carl Shapiro
When managing intellectual property, your goal should be to choose the terms and conditions that maximize the value of your intellectual property, not the terms and conditions that maximize the protection.
The BlackBerry is the perfect example of what's wrong with our patent system, but it is certainly not the only one.
This is pretty much everything that the plaintiff had been looking for. This points to a strong remedy and not a slap on the wrist, though there are other strong remedies besides breakup.
These anti-competitive settlements in the pharmaceutical industry are a major anti-trust problem. These settlements are thwarting competition and depriving consumers of the benefits of low-cost generic drugs.
I think it's a very thorny issue, ... I didn't feel that I could offer a clear, strong opinion one way or another on it.
My guiding principle is that the remedy should seek to 'restore competition' in the market for PC operating systems, ... What does it mean though, to 'restore competition' to a market that was monopolized prior to the illegal acts? The short answer is that the remedy should lower entry barriers and thus offset the harm to competition caused by Microsoft's conduct which raised those barriers... An effective remedy must be forward-looking and not merely focus on the particular products or technologies that posed a threat five years ago.
There is a central difference between the old and new economies: the old industrial economy was driven by economies of scale; the new information economy is driven by the economics of networks…