Daron Acemoğlu
Daron Acemoğlu
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Full Name and Common Aliases
Daron Acemoğlu is a Turkish-born economist of Armenian descent. He is commonly referred to as Daron Acemoglu.
Birth and Death Dates
Born on September 3, 1967, in Istanbul, Turkey. (Still alive)
Nationality and Profession(s)
Acemoğlu holds dual citizenship of the United Kingdom and Canada. His profession is that of an economist.
Early Life and Background
Daron Acemoğlu's early life was marked by a strong interest in economics. Growing up in Istanbul, he developed a fascination with the social sciences, particularly economics, while studying at the Turkish Galatasaray High School. He pursued higher education at the London School of Economics (LSE) and later earned his PhD from the University of Cambridge.
Major Accomplishments
Acemoğlu's academic career has been distinguished by numerous achievements:
Lucas Prize: Acemoğlu was awarded the Lucas Prize for best thesis in economics for his work on growth models.
John Bates Clark Medal: He received the John Bates Clark Medal, which is given to an American economist under the age of 40 who has made significant contributions to economic thought and practice.
Fellowships and Awards: Acemoğlu has held fellowships at various institutions, including the Brookings Institution, the National Bureau of Economic Research, and the Centre for Economic Policy Research.Notable Works or Actions
Acemoğlu's research focuses on development economics, with a particular emphasis on understanding the determinants of economic growth and how they can be influenced by institutional factors. Some of his notable works include:
"Why Nations Fail": Co-authored with James A. Robinson, this book explores the causes of economic success or failure in various countries.
"The New New Deal: The Hidden Truth About Why Markets, Governments, and Communities Must Work Together to Rebuild America": This work examines how institutions can be reformed to promote more equitable growth.Impact and Legacy
Acemoğlu's research has had a significant impact on our understanding of economic development. His ideas have influenced policymakers and scholars around the world:
Policy Implications: His work has informed policy discussions about institutional reform and its potential to drive economic growth.
Academic Contributions: Acemoğlu's research has expanded our knowledge of economic systems, inspiring new areas of study within the field.Why They Are Widely Quoted or Remembered
Daron Acemoğlu is widely quoted and remembered for his influential work on development economics. His ideas have shaped policy debates globally:
Credibility: His expertise in institutional economics has earned him a reputation as one of the leading voices in his field.
* Accessibility: He has made complex economic concepts more accessible to broader audiences through clear writing and engaging public presentations.
Quotes by Daron Acemoğlu
Daron Acemoğlu's insights on:
وكما أن المؤسسات تملك التأثير على السلوك والمحفزات في الحياة الواقعية، فإنها تملك القدرة أيضاً على صياغة وتحديد نجاح الأمم أو فشلها؛ وتلعب الموهبة الفردية دوراً هاماً في كل مستوى من مستويات المجتمع، ولكن حتى ذلك يحتاج لوجود إطار مؤسسي لكي يقوم بتحويلها إلى قوة إيجابية ص 72
إن الدول الفقيرة تعد فقيرة لأن اولئك الذين يستحوذون على السلطة يتبنون اختيارات تعمل على إحداث الفقر؛ إنه يخطئون في إدراك هذا الأمر ليس عن غير قصد أو نتيجة للجهل وإنما عن عمد ص 106
أن الأمراض الاستوائية تسبب الكثير من المعاناة والألم بالإضافة إلى وجود معدلات عالية من وفيات الأطفال في أفريقيا، غير أنها ليست السبب وراء حالة الفقر التي تعاني منها إفريقيا ص 83
Os diversos modelos de instituições de hoje estão profundamente enraizados no passado, porque, uma vez que a sociedade é organizada de uma determinada maneira, esta tende a persistir. (…) Os poderosos e o resto da sociedade discordarão com frequência sobre as instituições que deverão continuar a existir e as que deverão ser mudadas.
A mudança tecnológica atual requer que tanto o inovador como o trabalhador sejam instruídos. (…) A capacidade das instituições económicas para aproveitar o potencial dos mercados inclusivos, incentivar a inovação tecnológica, investir nas pessoas e mobilizar os talentos e conhecimentos especializados de um grande número de indivíduos é decisivo para o crescimento económico.
A Peste Negra é um exemplo vivo de uma conjuntura crítica, um grande acontecimento ou confluência de fatores que perturbam o equilíbrio económico ou político existente numa sociedade. Uma conjuntura crítica é uma arma de dois gumes, que pode causar uma grande viragem na trajetória de uma nação.
A trajetória económica da União Soviética ilustra de uma forma vívida como a autoridade e os incentivos proporcionados pelo Estado podem ser o motor de um crescimento económico rápido num contexto de instituições extrativas e como esse tipo de crescimento acaba e colapsa.
As mudanças graduais também impediram aventuras em territórios inexplorados. O derrube violento do sistema significa que é necessário construir algo inteiramente novo, em vez daquilo que foi eliminado.
É impossível compreender muitas das regiões mais pobres que existiam no mundo, no final do século XX, sem compreender o novo absolutismo do século XX: o comunismo. (…) O comunismo trouxe sempre ditaduras perversas e violações generalizadas dos direitos humanos.