Jesus Christ was a preacher, teacher, and founder of a religion who lived in the ancient Near East under the jurisdiction of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea.

The birth date of Jesus is recorded variously, with sources placing it somewhere in the range of 7 to 2 BCE. His birthplace is given in the sources as either Nazareth or Bethlehem, and he spoke multiple languages in the course of his life and work, including Aramaic, Biblical Hebrew, Koine Greek, and the Galilean dialect. In addition to his role as a preacher and teacher, he was identified in his time as a carpenter, a rabbi, a healer, and a prophet, reflecting the range of activities and roles attributed to him across the sources.

Jesus was described as the Messiah, and his work is associated with the movement known as apocalypticism. His notable works include the parables of Jesus, the miracles of Jesus, and the prayers of Jesus, all of which are recorded as part of his activity during his lifetime. He held citizenship of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea, and the Library of Congress records his authorized name as "Jesus Christ." The death of Jesus is placed by different sources at various points between 26 and 36 CE, with specific dates proposed as early April of 30 CE and early April of 33 CE. He died at Calvary.

The life and activity of Jesus centered on preaching, teaching, healing, and prophetic work, conducted in a multilingual environment that included both Aramaic-speaking communities and those familiar with Koine Greek and Biblical Hebrew. As a founder of a religion, his roles as teacher, rabbi, and prophet formed the core of the record left by his ministry, and his association with apocalypticism marks a recurring dimension of the tradition in which his work is situated.